System: Multi Story Car Park
This parking house is built with a stiffening stairwell, the rest of the construction is made of steel pillars and sandwich panels the price of each parking space is between 3000-10000 € [1]. The ramp for the cars is made of steel concrete (inclination lower than 12%, because of black ice [1]) and is also connected to the sandwich panels, but could not bear the wind loads from the external walls. The stairwell is located in the middle of the construction, the ramps are on one end, all in all no kind of torsion could damage this parking house.
Steal pillars and sandwich panels are chosen, because the detection of chemical attacks (Chlorides) is much easier and much less construction time is necessary [1], also the connections to the stairwell and the ramp could built up much easier. On the other hand, in case of a fire, the construction is much more predisposed than a steal-concrete construction. A typical steel to steel connection is shown in the next illustration 2. Steel constructions minimize the life-cycle costs compared to other systems, the slightest costload got prestressed concrete constructions [2].
For this assingment three different actions chosen to prevent failures:
Shallow deck overlay – SDO
It is necessary to repair the SDO in small time intervals, because they are the most important systems for the lifecycle of a parking house. They are responsible for preventing corrosion of the reinforcement, so if the SDO is damaged Chloride – ions cloud defund into the system and start to destroy the system. The SDO gets attacked from the wheels of the cars and because of the small space the users turn the wheels mostly just and one point and not while moving the car, this leads to high local erosion, and this spots have to get repaired very fast.
Maintenance – M
Another function has the signs on the SDO, they are important for the users for the orientation and in general for the usability, so if the signs are old or unreadable the user won’t like to use the parking house. This is not good for the profitableness of the building. Another point is the building service, this is all about the electric or the sprinkler system. They have to be repaired if necessary to keep the usability on a high standard, nobody wants to use a parking house which looks some kind of unfriendly.
Deck replacement – DR
Usually the deck elements should not get replace in the whole lifetime of the building, to prevent this the SDO gets repaired in fixed time intervals, but mistakes happen and are natural. Parking decks have one of the highest intakes of Chlorides. Usually the concentration is not that high that you have to replace the deck, but because of the fact that there is no rainfall between the decks there are very high local concentrations. This leads to pitting and the whole deck could failure, to avoid this for any kind of simulation, in this assessment the deck elements gets replaced. So even if the SDO don’t get repaired the decks elements will hopefully take the load. Concrete gets also attacked from the wheels, so if there is no SDO it will be necessary to replace the deck because of the abrasion.
Longest Interval Maintenance Plan:
Shortest Interval Maintenance Plan:
Sources:
[1]http://sections.arcelormittal.com/fileadmin/redaction/4-Library/1-Sales_programme_Brochures/Carpark/CarParks_DE.pdf; used 09.02.2019
[2]https://www.max-boegl.de/downloads/656-psb-parkhaus-systeme-boegl/file.html;used 09.02.2019