A tunnel is a totally contained subterranean passage dug through the surrounding dirt, earth, or rock, with the exception of the entry and exit ports, which are normally at either end. A pipeline is not a tunnel, even if some modern tunnels employ immersed tube building techniques rather than traditional tunnel boring methods. The arch is a good form for tunnels since they must withstand a lot of pressure from all sides. The arch simply wraps around the whole length of the tunnel in the case of a tunnel.

example tunnel [1]

For operation and maintenance data of China Subway tunnels and surveying frontline technicians, a fault tree of the tunnel disease fault mechanism is being examined. Buildings, roads, and tunnels are designed to be long-lasting. It serves a range of social functions. Numerous factors lead to system rupture and, in certain circumstances, collapse, including catastrophic human or natural activity, such as earthquakes, floods, or landslides, weather, and daily use. As a result, conducting a structural health check while the structure is functioning is crucial in order to analyze the structure’s current status as well as the possible repercussions of system failure. This is crucial for making system maintenance and repair choices.

As per our project length of the Tunnel is 1000 m and width are 4.00 m, total area of tunnel is 4000 m2 maximum speed of the vehicles inside the tunnel is 80 km/h.

Tunnel life is 120 years, Tunnel renovation every 15 years, represent maintenance every 10 years and tunnel segment replacement every 40 years.

Explained as per below diagram probability of state of the tunnel age limit of 120 years.

Tunnel system probability

As per below diagram explained 100 years failure event probability

100-year failure probability

As per below table and diagram explained maintenance planning of tunnel.

Maintenance planning probability

For the tunnel, the whole design period/lifetime considered is 120 years. The frequency of each intervention is included in the events vector of interventions. The first design option’s vector is defined as events. Op1 – c (TR = 15, M = 10, TSR = 40, END = lifetime), where TR represents tunnel renovation every 15 years, M represents maintenance every 10 years, and TSR represents tunnel segment replacement every 40 years. Vectors are defined in the same way for all other choices. PR stands for permanent replacement in various other vector options. Following the definition of vectors, the timeline S package is used to build a time line, from which the following graphics are obtained. It indicates the amount of upkeep permitted for each of the seven design alternatives of tunnel.

The materials employed in this study for various elements under investigation, as well as their dimensional area and material specifications, are listed in the table below.

Each subsystem has different quantities related with materials.

[1] https://www.autozeitung.de/richtiges-verhalten-im-tunnel-196150.html